Sekce 2Vychovávaný a vzdělávaný jedinec
Autoři: Petra Trávníčková
Abstrakt: Tato studie se zabývá dětským aktérstvím. Nové pohledy na koncept dítěte a dětství pod záštitou nové sociologie dětství postavily dítě do rovnocenné pozice s dospělým. Tato nová kvalita dítěte ovlivňuje nejen jeho specifickou sociální roli, ale také přístup k jeho vzdělávání a učení. Děti jsou aktéry sociálních vztahů, zapojují se do relačních procesů a mají samozřejmě určitý vliv na dění kolem nich (James, 2007, Mayall, 2002).
Klíčová slova: dětské aktérství, přírodovědné vzdělávání
Title: Child as an agent in science education
Abstract: This study deals with children’s agency. New views on the concept of the child and childhood under the auspices of the new sociology of childhood have put the child in an equal position with the adult. This new quality of the children affects not only their specific social role, but also their access to education and learning. Children are agents in social relationships, engage in relational processes and, of course, have some influence on what happens around them (James, 2007, Mayall, 2002). The children as agents in their own learning, specifically in the period of preschool age, offer an original perspective on this issue. Albert Bandura describes the concept of agency as one of the key human qualities that allows an individual to initiate intentional action to achieve goals that are valued (Bandura, 2001). Science education is characterized by offering children the processes of research, and the search for their own solutions and procedures. Therefore, it seems appropriate to use this platform to monitor child involvement. The research is conceived as a qualitative design with methods of unstructured observation with passive participation. Interpretations of research findings represent the children creative approach to solving various situations and activities. The results show that the child is able to adapt his or her behaviour depending on the situation and is able to predict future events. The child then uses these skills to achieve his own goals. In connection with the environment of the kindergarten, the role of the teacher is proving to be a very important factor that influences the way children act.
Keywords: children’s agency, science education
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